Table 10.11-1. WHO dengue case classification (2009)

Probable dengue

Staying in dengue-endemic area. Fever and ≥2 of the following criteria:

1) Nausea, vomiting

2) Rash

3) Headache and/or arthralgia

4) Positive tourniquet test result

5) Leukopenia 

6) Any warning signa

Laboratory-confirmed dengue

Severe dengue

1) Severe plasma leakage (shock, respiratory distress)

2) Severe bleeding (as evaluated by clinician)

3) Severe organ dysfunction (eg, liver injury with ALT or AST ≥1000 U/L, altered mental status)

a Warning signs: Abdominal pain or tenderness, persistent vomiting, clinical fluid accumulation (ascites, pleural effusion), mucosal bleeding, lethargy or restlessness, hepatomegaly, elevated Ht with a decrease in platelet count.

Adapted from World Health Organization. Dengue Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control. Edition 2009.

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; Ht, hematocrit; WHO, World Health Organization.