Table 11.4-1. Most frequently reported adverse effects of immunosuppressive agents

Adverse effect

Glucocorticoids

Cyclosporine

Tacrolimus

Azathioprine

MMF/MPS

Rapa/Everl

Acne

2

0

0

0

0

0

Alopecia areata

0

0

2

0

0

0

Anemia

0

0

0

1

1

2

Diabetes

2

1

3

0

0

1

Diarrhea

0

1

2

0

3/2

1

Gingival hyperplasia

0

3

0

0

0

0

Hirsutism

1

3

0

0

0

0

HUS/TTP

0

2

2

0

0

1

Hyperlipidemia

2

3

1

0

0

3

Hypertension

1

2

1

0

0

0

Insomnia

2

0

0

0

0

0

Leukopenia

0

0

0

2

2

2

Malignancy

0

1

1

1

0

−1

Neurotoxicity

2

1

3

0

0

1

Obesity

3

0

0

0

0

0

Osteoporosis

3

1

1

0

0

0

Thrombocytopenia

0

0

0

1

2

3

Relationship scale: 0, no relationship with the drug; 1, weak relationship; 2, medium relationship; 3, strong relationship.

HUS, hemolytic uremic syndrome; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MPS, mycophenolate sodium; Rapa/Everl, sirolimus/everolimus; TTP, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.