HPV infection

Characteristics

Anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata)

– Most common STD in the world

– Biggest risk factor is unprotected sex

– Present as cauliflower-like lesions on penis, scrotum, vulva, anal and perianal area, pubic, groin

– Most commonly caused by low-risk HPV types 6 and 11

HPV-related anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia and cancers

– Most commonly caused by high-risk HPV types 16 (50%) and 18, less commonly by types 31, 33, 35

– Can cause bowenoid papulosis; erythroplasia of Queyrat (squamous cell carcinoma in situ of penis skin); and cervical, anal, vulvar, and vaginal cancers

– Rare condition characterized by recurrent small papillomas in respiratory tract

– Most commonly caused by low-risk HPV types 6 and 11

– Most frequently affects larynx but can affect trachea, bronchia, and even lung parenchyma

– No cure available; treatment goal is usually to prevent airway obstruction

Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck disease)

– HPV infection of oral mucosa

– Most commonly caused by HPV types 13 and 32

– Usually presents as white flat or slightly raised papules on lips, buccal mucosa, or tongue

Conjunctival papilloma

Giant condyloma acuminate (Buschke-Löwenstein tumor)

– Caused by HPV types 6 and 11

– Presents as slowly growing, large, verrucous-appearing tumor in genital areas

– Locally invasive

HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer

– Can be caused by HPV types 16 and 18

– Responsible for oropharyngeal cancer in patients without traditional risk factors associated with head and neck cancers (eg, smoking, alcohol consumption)