Table 16.17-3. Key elements of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for common psychotic disorders

Criterion A symptoms: (1) delusions; (2) hallucinations; (3) disorganized speech; (4) disorganized or catatonic behavior; (5) negative symptom

Schizophrenia:

– ≥2 criterion A symptoms present; ≥1 must be (1), (2), or (3)

– Duration of acute phase: ≥1 month (or <1 month if successfully treated)

– Duration of illness: ≥6 months

– Specifier: First episode, currently in acute episode/partial remission/full remission; multiple episodes, currently in acute episode/partial remission/full remission; continuous; unspecified

Schizoaffective disorder:

– Criterion A (1) or (2) symptom present for ≥2 weeks in the absence of a major mood episode during the lifetime duration of illness

– Criterion A (as above) concurrent with a major mood episode (depressive or manic); a major mood episode present for the majority of the total duration of active and residual portions of illness

– Specifier: Bipolar type, depressive type

Schizophreniform disorder:

– ≥2 criterion A symptoms present; ≥1 must be (1), (2), or (3)

– Duration of acute phase: ≥1 month

– Duration of illness: <6 months

– Specifier: With/without good prognostic features

Brief psychotic disorder:

– ≥1 of criterion A symptoms (1), (2), (3), or (4)

– ≥1 must be (1), (2), or (3)

– Duration: ≤1 month; full resolution of symptoms and return to premorbid functioning level

– Specifier: With/without marked stressor(s), with postpartum onset

Delusional disorder:

– ≥1 delusion

– Other criterion A symptoms not met (if present, hallucinations are not prominent and related to delusional theme)

– If present, manic or major depressive episodes are brief relative to the duration of illness

– Duration of illness: ≥1 month

– Specifier: Erotomanic type, grandiose type, jealous type, persecutory type, somatic type, mixed type

Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder:

– ≥1 of criterion A symptoms (1) or (2)

– Criterion A symptoms occur during or soon after substance intoxication or withdrawal or after exposure to medication

– Substance/medication is capable of producing criterion A symptoms; not occurring exclusively during delirium

– Specifier: With onset during intoxication, with onset during withdrawal

DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition).