Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

(considered second generation)

Citalopram

Escitalopram

Fluoxetine

Paroxetine

Sertraline

Suicidal ideation (in children and young adults), CNS, GI upset, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, hyponatremia, serotonin syndrome, bleeding risk (especially when combined with NSAIDs)

Fluvoxamine

(considered second generation)

(belongs to SSRI class but is less commonly used for depression)

SSRI adverse effects ± palpitations, tachycardia, malaise, sedation

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

(considered second generation)

Desvenlafaxine

Duloxetine

Venlafaxine XR

Levomilnacipran

Milnacipran

GI, weight gain, CNS, sexual dysfunction, dermatologic effects, hypertension, and diaphoresis at high doses due to noradrenergic effect

Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (NaSSAs)

(considered second generation)

Mirtazapine

Increased appetite, weight gain, postural hypotension, drowsiness

Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)

(considered second generation)

Bupropion

GI, CNS, dermatologic

Serotonin modulators and stimulators

(considered second generation)

Vortioxetine

SSRI adverse effects ± unusual dreams with vilazodone

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

(considered first generation)

Amitriptyline

Desipramine

Imipramine

Nortriptyline

Arrhythmias, CNS, sedation, anticholinergic, endocrine, hyponatremia, GI, weight gain; high lethality with overdose

Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A (RIMAs)

(considered second generation)

Moclobemide

Sleep disturbances, CNS, GI, dermatologic

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)

(considered first generation)

Phenelzine

Postural hypotension, sleep disturbances, CNS, GI, fetal malformations; can cause hypertensive crisis when combined with certain foods and medications, in particular other antidepressants (eg, during tapering course)