Table 17.12-2. Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)

Questions

Answers

Score

1. How soon after you wake up do you smoke your first cigarette?

Within 5 minutes

6-30 minutes

31-60 minutes

After 60 minutes

3

2

1

0

2. Do you find it difficult to refrain from smoking in places where smoking is forbidden (eg, in church, at the library, in cinema)?

Yes

No

1

0

3. Which cigarette would you hate most to give up?

The first one in the morning

All others

1

0

4. How many cigarettes a day do you smoke?

≤10

11­­-20

21-30

≥31

0

1

2

3

5. Do you smoke more frequently during the first hours after waking than during the rest of the day?

Yes

No

1

0

6. Do you smoke if you are so ill that you are in bed most of the day?

Yes

No

1

0

 

Total

 

Severity of nicotine dependence

Score

0-3: Low dependence

4-6: Moderate dependence

7-10: High dependence

Source: Br J Addict. 1991;86(9):1119-27.