Signs and symptoms of anterior pituitary insufficiency according to deficiencies of individual pituitary hormones

Table 6.3-2. Signs and symptoms of anterior pituitary insufficiency according to deficiencies of individual pituitary hormones
Deficiency	Signs and symptoms
GH	Growth retardation (in children), decreased muscle mass, increased body fat (primarily visceral fat), decreased bone mineral density, hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia, poor QOL and wellbeing (in adult-onset deficiency, signs and symptoms are nonspecific)
ACTH	Orthostatic hypotension, presyncope/syncope, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, decreased skin pigmentation, tendency to hypoglycemia (particularly in patients with coexisting GH deficiency)
TSH	Central hypothyroidism (signs and symptoms are similar but less pronounced than in primary hypothyroidism, goiter is absent)
LH and FSH	Amenorrhea, male sexual dysfunction, infertility, decreased libido, regression or lack of secondary sexual characteristics (pubic hair), decreased bone mineral density
PRL	No lactation after childbirth
ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; GH, growth hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; PRL, prolactin; QOL, quality of life; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone.