How to Cite This Chapter: Don-Wauchope A, Chetty VT, Ivica J, Kavsak P, Khan WI, Lafreniere M, Nouri K, Solnica B. Cancer Antigen (CA) 19-9. McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine. Kraków: Medycyna Praktyczna. https://empendium.com/mcmtextbook/chapter/B31.1269.3.7.12. Accessed December 05, 2025.
Last Reviewed: May 9, 2022
Last Updated: May 9, 2022
Chapter Information
McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine Editorial Offices
Editorial Office (Canada)
Authors: Andrew Don-Wauchope, Vasudhevan T. Chetty, Joško Ivica, Peter Kavsak, Waliul I. Khan, Matthew Lafreniere, Kazem Nouri
Editorial Office (Poland)
Authors: Bogdan Solnica
For a brief introduction and guide to abbreviations, see Laboratory Tests: General Remarks.
Analyte [material]
Cancer antigen (CA) 19-9 [S/P]
Reference range, target level, or decision threshold
Method dependent!!!
Interpretation of results
↑ Pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, other malignancies (including colon, esophageal, and liver cancers), pancreatitis (including autoimmune), diseases of bile ducts, cirrhosis
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