How to Cite This Chapter: Don-Wauchope A, Chetty VT, Ivica J, Kavsak P, Khan WI, Lafreniere M, Nouri K, Solnica B. Bilirubin, Total. McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine. Kraków: Medycyna Praktyczna. https://empendium.com/mcmtextbook/chapter/B31.1269.3.7.50. Accessed December 07, 2024.
Last Updated: May 9, 2022
Last Reviewed: May 9, 2022
Chapter Information
McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine Editorial Offices
Editorial Office (Canada)
Authors: Andrew Don-Wauchope, Vasudhevan T. Chetty, Joško Ivica, Peter Kavsak, Waliul I. Khan, Matthew Lafreniere, Kazem Nouri
Editorial Office (Poland)
Authors: Bogdan Solnica
For a brief introduction and guide to abbreviations, see Laboratory Tests: General Remarks.
Analyte [material]
Bilirubin, total [S/P]
Reference range, target level, or decision threshold
5.1-20.5 micromol/L (0.3-1.2 mg/dL)
[micromol/L]/17 = [mg/dL]
Interpretation of results
↑ Hemolysis, congenital hyperbilirubinemias, cirrhosis, toxic liver injury, liver cancers, Budd-Chiari syndrome, heart failure, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, bile duct cancers, pancreatic cancer