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Neuzillet Y, Witjes JA, Bruins HM, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Primary Urethral Carcinoma. Updated April 2024. Accessed July 15, 2024. https://uroweb.org/guidelines/primary-urethral-carcinoma
Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis
Urethral cancer is very rare. In 75% of cases it is a squamous cell carcinoma, and in the remaining cases it originates in the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urothelium). It is usually diagnosed in individuals aged >70 years, more often in women. Tumor development is usually preceded by chronic inflammation.
Dysuria and symptoms of subvesical obstruction or urinary incontinence, rarely hematuria.
Diagnosis is established during endoscopic examination of the urethra and on the basis of histologic examination of the collected tissue sample.
For superficial changes in the distal urethra, radiotherapy is used as the only treatment method or after prior surgical resection of the tumor; surgical treatment is used in more advanced cases. The rate of local recurrence after treatment is ~50%.
