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Guías: probióticos en la prevención y el tratamiento de las enfermedades digestivas

05.02.2021
Rola probiotyków w profilaktyce i leczeniu chorób przewodu pokarmowego wedlug aktualnych wytycznych
Hanna Szajewska (MD, PhD)

Cómo citar: Szajewska H., Rola probiotyków w profilaktyce i leczeniu chorób przewodu pokarmowego wedlug aktualnych wytycznych, Med. Prakt., 2020; 12: 44-53

Siglas y abreviaturas: AGA — American Gastroenterological Association, ECN — enterocolitis necrosante, ESPGHAN — European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, ISAPP — International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, UFC — unidad formadora de colonias

Introducción

"¿Los probióticos son dinero tirado a la basura? ¿O peor aún?”6, se preguntan los autores de un artículo de JAMA, una de las mejores revistas médicas. "Los probióticos no funcionan. Para la mayoría de los mortales solo son un gasto innecesario”7, informan los medios. Estos dos ejemplos son solo una muestra del enfoque crítico hacia los probióticos que se ha venido observando últimamente. ¿Verdadero o falso?

En los tiempos que corren, es complicado mantenerse al tanto de todo lo que ocurre en las investigaciones sobre los probióticos, por eso las guías de práctica clínica son tan importantes. El objetivo de este artículo es resumir los datos acerca del papel de los probióticos en la prevención y el tratamiento de algunas enfermedades del tubo digestivo. El punto de partida son las guías actuales (2020) de la American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)8 sobre el uso de probióticos en algunas enfermedades del tubo digestivo y de la European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) sobre el uso de los probióticos en el tratamiento de la diarrea infecciosa aguda en niños9 y la prevención de la enterocolitis necrosante (ECN) en bebés prematuros.10 Asimismo, se ha consultado material de la International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP).

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